
16.09.2026
In this article, Jonas Hemmelskamp, Nadja Douglas, and Simon Muschick examine how the OSCE can serve as a forum for cyber diplomacy and confidence-building despite geopolitical tensions.
The study examines the influence of systemic as well as situational factors on the different democratic resilience to external, digital election meddling by Russia in the US 2016 and in Germany 2017. The comparison shows that the degree of polarization, the logic of the election campaign and the role of established media in particular can be assumed to explain the respective Russian meddling. At the same time, the effects of individual factors on the technical level (e-voting) cannot be assessed in isolation but in relation to each other.



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