In May 2023, the EuRepoC database recorded 112 cyber operations. This marks an increase of more than 77.8% compared to the previous month. At this level, activity recorded in May exceeded the overall average of 60 cyber operations per month by 52 operations.

The average intensity of operations recorded in May 2023 stood at 3.13, above the historical average of 2.5. The striking increase in operations since February 2023 is partly explained by the fact that, from March 2023 onwards, EuRepoC is recording all cyber attacks against critical infrastructure targets and no longer makes inclusion contingent on whether these activities are linked to political or governmental threat actors or victims. These changes in scope notwithstanding, the number of recorded cyber operations in May are significantly higher than observations for March and April.